TCR-based cellular immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: advances, challenges, and prospects.

ABSTRACT: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally. However, current frontline treatment modalities fail to achieve satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. In recent years, T-cell receptor (TCR)-T therapy has garnered increasing attention as a promising therapeutic approach. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology of HCC, evaluates the efficacy of current first-line treatment options, and introduces adoptive cellular therapies (ACTs), with a specific focus on TCR-T therapy. Notably, we categorize existing TCR-T research targeting different antigens for the treatment of HCC, covering both published literature and registered clinical trials. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of current TCR-T research and applications, while offering insights

SUBMITTER: Zeng W 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12214192 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature