Oxidative potential of PM₁, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀ collected in car and tram tunnels to analyse their impact on public health.

ABSTRACT: Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a major environmental health risk, partly due to its oxidative potential (OP), which reflects its ability to generate reactive oxygen species. This study evaluates the OP of PM₁₀, PM_2.5, and PM₁ fractions collected in car and tram tunnels in Krakow, Poland, using ascorbic acid (AA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) depletion assays. PM samples were collected during 2016 and analysed for organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), inorganic ions (Na⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, NH₄⁺, NO₃^-, NO₂^-, Cl^-, and SO₄^2-), and metals (Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Sr, Rb, Pb). PM concentratio

SUBMITTER: Jakhar R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12214819 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature