ABSTRACT: The Rarámuri Indigenous people of Chihuahua, Mexico, use the gum of ("arí" or Sonora gum) as a medicinal agent and food. Thus, this work established the chemical composition, nutritional value, potential toxicity, and antihyperglycemic action of Sonora gum. Using spectroscopic, spectrometric, and chromatographic methods including UHPLC-MS analysis, it was demonstrated that arí contains anthraquinones (laccaic acids A, B, and E, xantholaccaic acid B, emodin, and erythrolaccin), farnesol, and nerolidol derivatives including (2Z,6E,10E)-farnesol-12-oic acid (1), a new natural product, crocinervolide, and (6E,10E,3S)-nerolidol-12-oic acid. The volatilome, determined by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with GC-MS analysis, was charac
