Cancer cell type-specific derepression of transposable elements by inhibition of chromatin modifier enzymes.

ABSTRACT: Derepression of transposable elements (TE) by epigenetic therapy leads to the activation of immune response in cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanism of TE regulation by distinct chromatin modifier enzymes (CME) in context of p53 is still elusive. Here, we used FDA-approved epigenetic drugs to systematically inhibit distinct CMEs in p53 wild-type and p53-mutant colorectal, esophageal, and prostate cancer cells. We show that distinct TE subfamilies are derepressed by inhibition of different CMEs in cell type-specific manner. Co-inhibition of DNMT and HDAC (DNMTi-HDACi) had the most consistent effect across cancer types. Loss of p53 results in stronger TE activation and TE-chimeric transcript expression and this effect is largely mediated by the non-genomic actions of p53. Robust imm

SUBMITTER: Patel D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12229592 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature