Gut Microbiome as a Risk Factor for Future CKD.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Gut microbiome has been linked with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in several small cross-sectional studies. However, the relationship between baseline gut microbiome and long-term incident CKD remains unknown.

Methods

We performed fecal sampling and measured serum creatinine (SCR) (N = 6699) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) (N = 797) in a population-based cohort examined in the year 2002. We assessed the multivariable-adjusted associations of gut metagenome with baseline SCR, baseline UACR, and register-based incident CKD.

Results

The mean age of the participants was 49.5 ± 12.9 years and 45.8% were men. During a median follow-up of 18.6 years, 108 participants developed incident CKD. In prospective analyses, increased baseline gu

SUBMITTER: Hellman T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12231020 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature