NR4A3 potentials M1-like macrophage polarization to facilitate anti-tumor immune responses in breast cancer.

ABSTRACT: Breast cancer (BC) is commonly labeled a "cold tumor" due to its dense population of immunosuppressive cells, particularly M2-like macrophages, which contribute to its resistance to therapy. Thus, there is a pressing need to shift the macrophage polarization towards M1 and revitalize the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) to improve BC prognosis. In this study, we leveraged published RNA-sequencing data and performed multiplex immunohistochemistry on clinical specimens to identify NR4A3 as a promising biomarker for favorable outcomes in BC. High NR4A3 expression correlates with an inflamed TIME, characterized by heightened T-cell infiltration and activation. NR4A3 was preferentially expressed in macrophages and fostered M1-like macrophage polarization through direct binding to p65, there

SUBMITTER: Qian YY 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12234874 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature