Association of Soluble Immune Checkpoint Molecules PD1 and 4-1BB With CTLA-4Ig Treatment Response in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To investigate whether soluble immune checkpoint molecules in blood are associated with the treatment response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in early rheumatoid arthritis (eRA).

Methods

This study included 328 Swedish treatment-naïve patients with eRA from the Nordic Rheumatic Diseases Strategy Trials and Registries (NORD-STAR) study. Patients were randomized into four treatment groups: methotrexate (MTX) combined with CTLA-4Ig (n = 90), anti-tumor necrosis factor (n = 83), anti-interleukin-6 receptor (n = 76), or prednisolone (n = 79). The primary outcome was remission, defined by Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) ≤2.8, assessed at 24 and 48 weeks. Plasma levels of soluble programmed cell death-1 (sPD1) and soluble 4-1BB (s4-1BB) were measured by e

SUBMITTER: Sellden T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12235049 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature