An alternative mechanism by which If1 prevents ATP hydrolysis by the ATP synthase subcomplex in S. cerevisiae.

ABSTRACT: The mitochondrial F₁F₀-ATP synthase is crucial for maintaining the ATP/ADP balance which is critical for cell metabolism, ion homeostasis and cell proliferation. This enzyme, conserved across evolution, is found in the mitochondria or chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells and the plasma membrane of bacteria. In vitro studies have shown that the mitochondrial F₁F₀-ATP synthase is reversible, capable of hydrolyzing instead of synthesizing ATP. In vivo, its reversibility is inhibited by the endogenous peptide If1 (Inhibitory Factor 1), which specifically prevents ATP hydrolysis in a pH-dependent manner. Despite its presumed importance, the loss of If1 in various model organisms does not cause severe phenotypes, suggesting its role may be confined to spec

SUBMITTER: Lerouley O 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12238618 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature