Custom-Built Electrodes Perform Comparably to a Discontinued Commercial Electrode for Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation in Mice.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

A commercial electrode used for transcutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in mice is no longer available. In response, we developed two low- cost, customizable alternatives-a 3D-Printed Electrode and a Pen Electrode assembled from off-the-shelf jumper wire components-and evaluated their performance relative to the discontinued commercial standard.

Methods

We conducted in vivo NMES of the left hindlimb ankle dorsiflexors in C57BL/6J mice using three electrode types: a Simple Electrode (previously available as BS4 50-6824, Harvard Apparatus), our novel 3D-Printed Electrode, and our novel Pen Electrode. Contractile torque was recorded during twitch and tetanic contractions, and electrode performance was evaluated based on peak torque values. A repeate

SUBMITTER: Odeh BH 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12247868 | biostudies-literature | 2025 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature