Liensinine reshapes the immune microenvironment and enhances immunotherapy by reprogramming metabolism through the AMPK-HIF-1α axis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with limited treatment options in advanced stages. Liensinine, a natural alkaloid derived from Nelumbo nucifera, has shown promise as an anticancer agent. However, its underlying mechanisms, particularly in modulating tumor metabolism and immune responses, remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of Liensinine in HCC, focusing on its ability to modulate metabolic pathways, immune responses, and the tumor microenvironment.

Methods

HCC cell lines (HUH7 and Hep1-6) were treated with Liensinine in vitro to assess cell viability, migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. Metabolic reprogramming was analyzed through RNA sequencing, Seahorse metabolic assa

SUBMITTER: Liu J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12261578 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature