Evaluation of trace element in the hair and nail samples of conventional and organic farmers in pesticide-treated highland villages.

ABSTRACT: This study investigates trace element exposure among conventional and organic farmers in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia, a region known for intensive pesticide use. Despite differences in agricultural practices, both groups may be exposed to environmental contaminants. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) NexION® 350S was used to analyze essential elements (sodium, magnesium, iron, zinc) and toxic elements (chromium, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, lead). A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 62 farmers (47 conventional, 15 organic). Data collection involved structured interviews and biological sampling (hair and nails). Findings revealed significant differences in trace element concentrations based on farming practices. Chromium (Cr) levels were significantly hi

SUBMITTER: How V 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12263726 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature