A Novel Perspective on Tubular C4d Positivity in BK Polyomavirus Nephropathy.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Tubular basement membrane (TBM) C4d staining has been frequently observed in BK polyomavirus nephropathy (BKPyVN); however, its specificity and clinical implications remain unclear.

Methods

Biopsy data from 272 patients with BK viruria, including 4 native BKPyVN, 150 allograft BKPyVN, and 118 non-BKPyVN were reviewed. C4d was assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and compared with frozen tissue to evaluate its correlation with clinicopathological features. Immunofluorescence (IF) for Ig and complement components and electron microscopy were performed to assess complement activation.

Results

TBM C4d staining was conducted in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) slides for its superiority over frozen tissue and C4d positivity was detected in all 4 na

SUBMITTER: Wu T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12266260 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature