Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in disseminated tuberculosis with bone marrow involvement and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: A case report and literature review.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Tuberculosis (TB)-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and potentially fatal condition characterized by a hyperinflammatory response. Bone marrow TB poses unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, often leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Here, we report a case of disseminated TB with bone marrow involvement, characterized by unexplained fever, pancytopenia, liver dysfunction, and associated hemophagocytosis.

Case presentation

A 37-year-old woman with a history of diabetes, hypertension, and end-stage renal disease presented with unexplained fever, pancytopenia, and liver dysfunction. A diagnosis of disseminated TB with bone marrow involvement associated with HLH was established based on findings of bone marrow aspiration and b

SUBMITTER: Kim S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12270612 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature