Effect of long-term azithromycin treatment on gut microbial diversity in children and adolescents with HIV-associated chronic lung disease.

ABSTRACT:

Background

HIV-associated chronic lung disease (HCLD) is common in children and adolescents growing up with HIV. The use of azithromycin (AZM) reduces the rate of acute respiratory exacerbations in this population, however, impact of this treatment on the gut microbiota and associations with blood-derived inflammatory markers have not been studied.

Methods

Children and adolescents with HCLD in Harare, Zimbabwe and Blantyre, Malawi were recruited in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of once-weekly AZM or placebo for 48 weeks (BREATHE trial, NCT02426112). Rectal swabs were collected at inclusion (N = 346), 48 weeks (treatment end, N = 313), and 72 weeks (six months after treatment cessation, N = 244). The bacterial composition of fecal swabs was determined using 16S rRN

SUBMITTER: Flygel TT 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12272486 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature