The Effect of Red Meat Consumption on Circulating, Urinary, and Fecal Trimethylamine-N-Oxide: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

ABSTRACT: Cardiovascular concerns exist about the effect of red meat on circulating concentrations of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), an emerging cardiovascular disease risk factor. The aim was to conduct a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effect of higher red meat intake, compared with lower intake, on circulating, urinary, and fecal TMAO concentrations in generally healthy adults and/or adults with stable chronic diseases. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, the Cochrane Collaboration Library, and Web of Science. RCTs examining the effect of a ≥7-d dietary intervention featuring red meat on urinary, fecal, and/or circulating (plasma or serum) concentrations of TMAO in adults (≥18 y) were included. Eligible trials had a comparator group/

SUBMITTER: Jafari F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12273423 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature