The evolution of eukaryotic linear motifs governing the function of androgen receptor from fish to Homo sapiens.

ABSTRACT: How essential trans-active factors that control gene expression evolved while maintaining their ability to interact with their natural effectors and cis-active elements on DNA is a fundamental question that requires multidisciplinary approaches. Focusing on a ligand-activated transcription factor (TF), namely androgen receptor (AR), we addressed how exonic eukaryotic linear motifs (ELMs), homorepeats (HReps), and amino acids subject to post-translational modifications (PTMs) evolved in 536 species from cartilaginous fish to Homo sapiens. By combining in silico (SWISS-Model and Alphafold3), computational (molecular dynamics), and biochemical and molecular approaches, we identify functionally active ELMs present in the H. sapiens AR and trace them back to Chondrichthyes, including one in the

SUBMITTER: Falconieri A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12276008 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature