Genetic evidence for causal relationships between vegetarian biomarkers and esophageal cancer risk.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Esophageal cancer (EC) poses a significant global health burden with complex pathogenic mechanisms. While biomarkers specific to vegetarian populations have been implicated in cancer development, their causal relationship with EC remains unclear.

Methods

We leverage genetic approaches to investigate the bidirectional causal relationships between vegetarian-specific biomarkers and EC risk. Using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from European populations, we performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses on vegetarian biomarkers as exposures and EC as the outcome, with validation in an independent EC cohort. Our comprehensive analytical framework incorporated inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by MR-Egger and weighted median approaches, a

SUBMITTER: Liu X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12276193 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature