Lithium-ion battery recycling relieves the threat to material scarcity amid China's electric vehicle ambitions.

ABSTRACT: The electric automotive transition is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality, especially in emerging economies like China. However, the scarcity of critical materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) challenges electric vehicle (EV) deployment targets. Our work delivers a comprehensive framework of EV battery recycling, considering resource compensation, environmental performance, geospatial optimization, and cost feasibility of closed-loop LIB recycling under China's carbon neutrality. Our findings show that meeting EV deployment targets will widen the supply-demand gap, with cobalt and manganese demand exceeding 2022 production levels by 54-fold and 116-fold, respectively. Battery recycling is crucial for mitigating material scarcity, necessitating a minimum 84% collection rate to stabil

SUBMITTER: Zhang B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12276248 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature