Exposure and Health Impact Assessment of Essential and Non-essential Elements in Rice Sold on Ghanaian Markets.

ABSTRACT: This present study investigated the presence, levels and health impact of some trace elements in rice sold on some Ghanaian markets using an Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Analysis with the ICP-MS revealed that, the concentration of essential and non-essential metals followed the order: S > K > P > Mg > Ca > Si > Na > Zn > Mn > Al > Fe > Bi > Cu > Sn > B > Mo > As > Ba > Sb > Ni > Sr > Co > V > Ti > Be > Pb > Cd > Li > Zr > Ag > Y respectively. The results showed that rice for sale on Ghanaian markets are rich sources of S, K, Mg and Ca with moderate levels of essential minerals like Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu. The health impact assessment revealed all samples for population categories recorded hazard quotients greater than 1 for As and P. This implies that As and P could ac

SUBMITTER: Awewomom J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12276514 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature