Structural Determinants of School Discipline: Examining State-Level Racial Bias and Neighborhood Opportunity.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Addressing the disproportionate use of school detentions and suspensions among Black youth is crucial for reducing educational and health disparities across the life span. Yet, few studies have explored external factors beyond school or individual characteristics as potential contributors to school discipline disparities, such as state-level racial bias and neighborhood opportunity.

Method

A subsample from the larger Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study was used (n = 8,668; mean age at baseline = 9.5 years; 71% White; 29% Black). Anti-Black racial bias was measured using state-level indicators of racial prejudicial attitudes. Neighborhood opportunity was measured using census tract indicators within the education, health care, and social/economic dom

SUBMITTER: Thompson EL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12276934 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature