Historical Redlining and Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic Disease Risk Factors, Prevalence, and Outcomes: A Scoping Review.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Cardio-kidney-metabolic (CKM) diseases impact a large portion of the U.S. population each year, particularly among racial minorities and socially disadvantaged groups. Social factors contribute to this disparity, including barriers to healthcare access, structural racism, and sociocultural influences.

Objectives

This scoping review aimed to assess the understanding of how historical redlining has affected the prevalence and outcomes of CKM diseases.

Methods

We conducted a scoping review of multiple databases to identify studies examining the relationship between historical redlining and the risk factors, prevalence, and outcomes associated with CKM diseases. Data extraction focused on the type of study, linked databases, research questions, primary outcomes

SUBMITTER: Ibrahim R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12277627 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature