Age differences in immunity to human seasonal coronaviruses and the immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222).

ABSTRACT:

Background

ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine was widely deployed to protect against severe COVID-19 in adults, but the relationship between pre-existing immunity to human seasonal coronaviruses (HCoVs) and vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2 (SCoV2) response across age groups remains unclear.

Methods

We analysed SCoV2 and HCoVs antibody profiles in UK volunteers (aged 6-≥70), assessing antibody levels, avidity, and FcγR binding after receiving one or two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Adult cohorts from trials in Brazil and Kenya were also included to evaluate geographical impacts on baseline HCoVs and SCoV2 induced response.

Findings

In the UK cohort, younger individuals had higher SCoV2 IgG, avidity, FcγR binding and cross-reactivity, particularly towards OC43 and HKU1. The great

SUBMITTER: Belij-Rammerstorfer S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12284711 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature