Global burden of low back pain attributable to smoking in 204 countries and territories in 1990-2021.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Smoking has a major influence on the development and worsening of low back pain (LBP). However, the effect of smoking on the burden of LBP has not been thoroughly examined at the global, regional, and national levels. This study aims to analyze the trends in smoking-related LBP from 1990 to 2021. It uses data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD), providing scientific evidence for policy-making.

Methods

This observational study, based on population data, used epidemiological information on LBP due to smoking from the GBD 2021 study. The study categorized the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from smoking-related LBP by year, age, country, and socio-demographic index (SDI). Trends in smoking-related LBP from 1990 to 2021 were assessed using the estimate

SUBMITTER: Wang B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12287117 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature