Concurrent Control of Sodium and Bicarbonate Serum Concentrations Using a Four-Stream Hemodialysis Fluid Delivery System.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Previously, two reports proposed a four-stream dialysis fluid delivery system consisting of an acid concentrate, a base concentrate, a sodium chloride concentrate, and product water for correcting dysnatremias and metabolic acid-base disorders separately, by hemodialysis.

Methods

This report describes a new method for the clinical use of the previously reported four-stream dialysis fluid delivery system to treat concurrently dysnatremias and metabolic acid-base disturbances by hemodialysis. Pumps attached to each concentrate are designed to control its flow rate. Formulas were derived to determine the flow rate of each of the pumps controlling the flows of the product water ( W ), the base concentrate ( B ), and the sodium chloride concentrate ( S ) for any prescr

SUBMITTER: Malhotra D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12287895 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature