Sustainable Paper-Derived Laser-Induced Graphene Electrochemical Platform for Ultra-Sensitive Diazepam Detection in Forensic Investigations.

ABSTRACT: The use of benzodiazepines like diazepam (DZ) in drug-facilitated crimes necessitates the development of rapid, sensitive and portable detection methods. This study presents a sustainable, paper-derived laser-induced graphene (paper-LIG) electrochemical platform for ultrasensitive DZ detection in forensic investigations. The sensor was fabricated using a cellulose paper substrate treated with sodium tetraborate to enhance thermal stability, enabling efficient graphene conversion via optimized laser scribing. The physicochemical properties of paper-LIG were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Additionally, the effects of workin

SUBMITTER: Saisahas K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12290644 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature