Association between circulating Klotho levels and hypertension: insights from NHANES, Mendelian randomization, and an Asian cohort.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Klotho has been implicated in blood pressure regulation through its effects on vascular integrity, calcium-phosphate homeostasis, and oxidative stress pathways. However, population-level data exploring its association with hypertension remain inconclusive.

Methods

Data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 2007-2016) were analyzed using weighted multivariate generalized linear regression models. Klotho levels were evaluated as both continuous and categorical (quartiles) variables. A nonlinear dose-response relationship was further explored using spline regression. To assess potential causality, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. External validation was

SUBMITTER: Fu Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12291187 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature