Specialized AI and neurosurgeons in niche expertise: a proof-of-concept in neuromodulation with vagus nerve stimulation.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Applying large language models (LLM) in specialized medical disciplines presents unique challenges requiring precision, reliability, and domain-specific relevance. We evaluated a specialized LLM-driven system against neurosurgeons in vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for drug-resistant epilepsy knowledge assessment-a complex neuromodulation therapy requiring transdisciplinary expertise in neural anatomy, epileptic disorders, and device technology.

Materials and methods

Thirty-six European neurosurgeons who completed a 2-day VNS masterclass were assessed using a multiple-choice questionnaire comprising 14 items with 67 binary propositions. We deployed open-source models-LLaMa 2 70B and MXBAI embedding model-using Neura, an AI infrastructure enabling transparent groundin

SUBMITTER: Barrit S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12296768 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature