Oral contraceptive use and risk of liver cancer: a population-based study, systematic review, and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Oral contraceptive use has been suggested to increase the risk of liver cancer. Although the International Agency for Research on Cancer concluded in 1999 that there was sufficient evidence of an association, this was based on case-control studies with few liver cancer cases. We aimed to provide more robust epidemiological evidence on this association by analysing data from two large prospective UK cohorts and additionally conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of previous observational studies.

Methods

In our population-based study, the relationship between oral contraceptive use and liver cancer risk was examined using data from the Million Women Study (MWS) and the UK Biobank. We included women from both cohorts who did not have a prevalent cancer at

SUBMITTER: Watling CZ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12303860 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature