Gut microbiota and SCFAs improve the treatment efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy in NSCLC.

ABSTRACT: The role of gut dysbiosis in shaping immunotherapy responses is well-recognized, yet its effect on the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy combinations remains poorly understood. We analyzed gut microbiota in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with chemo-immunotherapy, comparing responders and non-responders using 16S rRNA sequencing. Responders showed higher microbial richness and abundance of specific genera like Faecalibacterium and Subdoligranulum, and the phylum Firmicutes. Support vector machine (SVM), a machine learning model based on microbial composition, predicted treatment efficacy with the area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.763 for genera and 0.855 for species. Metagenomic analysis revealed significant differences in metabolic pathways, w

SUBMITTER: Yang Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12304354 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature