Evaluating GLP-1 receptor agonists versus metformin as first-line therapy for reducing dementia risk in type 2 diabetes.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

No direct comparisons have evaluated glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) versus metformin as first-line antidiabetic therapy for preventing dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to assess the comparative effectiveness of GLP-1 RAs and metformin in reducing dementia risk.

Research design and methods

This retrospective cohort study used data from a global health research network between 2004 and 2024. Patients with T2DM initiating GLP-1 RAs or metformin as first-line monotherapy were included. Propensity score matching was employed to balance baseline characteristics. Dementia incidence was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models, with sensitivity analyses to confirm robustness.

Results

Among 87

SUBMITTER: Sun M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12306345 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature