A novel nanoparticle vaccine displaying multistage tuberculosis antigens confers protection in mice infected with H37Rv.

ABSTRACT: Tuberculosis remains a major global health threat, as Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the only licensed vaccine, provides limited protection, particularly in adolescents and adults. To address this limitation, a more effective tuberculosis vaccine was developed using the SpyTag/SpyCatcher system to display five clinically validated Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens (Ag85A, ESAT-6, CFP10, Rv2660c, and TB10.4) on self-assembling mi3 nanoparticles. These nanoparticle-displayed antigens, formulated as 85A-NP, EC-NP, and RT-NP and combined with a custom AS01E-biosimilar adjuvant, elicited stronger Th1-biased immune responses in C57BL/6 mice than the corresponding recombinant proteins, as evidenced by increased frequencies of polyfunctional CD4⁺ T cells producing IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α. In a m

SUBMITTER: Ding Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12307718 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature