Incorporation of missing indicator with multiple imputation in propensity score analysis with partially observed covariates: A simulation study.

ABSTRACT: One of the primary challenges encountered in propensity score (PS) weighting is the presence of observations with missing covariates. In such cases, several potential solutions based on multiple imputation have been proposed. The most prevalent of these is the MI_te method, which combines treatment effect estimates derived from imputed datasets. A limited number of PS studies have incorporated the MI_te method with the missing indicator method; however, these studies only incorporated the missing indicator into the PS model. The aim of this simulation study is to propose two novel methods that incorporate the missing indicator approach with the MI_te. This incorporation either entails including the missing indicator into the outcome model (MIMI_o) or

SUBMITTER: Yucel Karakaya SP 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12308044 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature