TLR9 Downregulation in Breast Cancer: Its Role in Tumor Immunity, Inflammatory Response, and Cellular Senescence.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is primarily expressed in human dendritic and B cells and recognizes double-stranded DNA motifs from pathogens to initiate an inflammatory response. Recent studies have revealed TLR9s' involvement beyond its conventional role in the immune response, notably during the tumorigenesis of various cancers such as head and neck, cervical, and ovarian cancers.

Methods

In this study patient biopsies of breast cancer tumors and normal breast epithelium were analyzed by immunohistochemistry to examine TLR9 expression. The study also investigated downregulation in transformed breast cancer cell lines compared to untransformed breast epithelial cells by analyzing gene or protein expression, including TLR9, IL-6, CCL2, CXCL1, and GM-CSF. MDA-MB-36

SUBMITTER: Sible E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12310192 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature