Ancient DNA reveals a two-clanned matrilineal community in Neolithic China.

ABSTRACT: Studies of ancient DNA from cemeteries provide valuable insights into early human societies, and have strongly indicated patrilocality^1-10. Here, we analysed ancient DNA alongside archaeological contexts and multiple stable isotopic data from 60 individuals in 2 separate cemeteries at the Fujia archaeological site in eastern China, dating between 2750 and 2500 BCE. Our findings suggest the existence of an early-described matrilineal community in the Neolithic period, characterized by high endogamy and a population practicing millet agriculture near the coast. Evidence of intermarriage between individuals in the two cemeteries and the presence of both primary and secondary burials, organized strictly according to maternal clans, underscore a strong sense of social cohesion and id

SUBMITTER: Wang J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12310535 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature