Interplay between MRI-based axon diameter and myelination estimates in macaque and human brain.

ABSTRACT: Axon diameter and myelin thickness affect the conduction velocity of action potentials in the nervous system. Imaging them non-invasively with MRI-based methods is, thus, valuable for studying brain microstructure and function. Electron microscopy studies suggest that axon diameter and myelin thickness are closely related to each other. However, the relationship between MRI-based estimates of these microstructural measures, known to be relative indices, has not been investigated across the brain mainly due to methodological limitations. In recent years, studies using ultra-high-gradient strength diffusion MRI (dMRI) have demonstrated improved estimation of axon diameter index across white-matter (WM) tracts in the human brain, making such investigations feasible. In this study, we aim to i

SUBMITTER: Gong T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12319738 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature