Biomarkers of response and resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in breast cancer.

ABSTRACT: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have recently been approved in subsets of patients with breast cancer (BC). Currently, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemistry is used as a biomarker of response for metastatic triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Other tumor-agnostic indications in metastatic BC include high tumor mutational burden and mismatch repair deficiency. In early TNBC, the ICI pembrolizumab is routinely added to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, yet no biomarker is currently available to predict response or resistance. Further, while luminal BC is often thought to be immune-depleted, preliminary efficacy data in early-stage disease suggests that the addition of ICIs to neoadjuvant chemotherapy can significantly improve rates of pathological complete response. However, n

SUBMITTER: Li M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12320176 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature