Pyruvate-GPR31 axis induces LysoDC dendrite protrusion to M-cell pockets for effective immune responses.

ABSTRACT: Peyer's patches (PPs) are sites of antigen entry and immunoinduction in the small intestine. In PPs, pathogens are transferred through microfold (M) cells; however, the mechanisms of antigen capture by mononuclear phagocytes beneath M cells remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that bacterial metabolite pyruvate acted on lysozyme-expressing dendritic cells (LysoDCs), a monocyte-derived phagocyte subset, and induced protrusion of dendrites particularly with "balloon" shapes into basolateral M-cell pockets via its receptor, G-protein coupled receptor 31 (GPR31). Pyruvate administration in wild-type but not Gpr31b-deficient mice increased LysoDC uptake of orally infected Listeria monocytogenes. GPR31 signaling boosted antigen processing and altered gene expression. It also increa

SUBMITTER: Nakanishi K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12320816 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature