Distinct roles of claws and adhesive pads in honey bees determine their adhesive performance under varying surface roughness conditions through a dual-mode synergistic adhesion mechanism.

ABSTRACT: Surface roughness is a critical factor that affects surface adhesion in bees. Investigating the mechanisms underlying surface adhesion in bees on substrates with varying surface roughness levels provides a theoretical basis for designing bioinspired adhesives and micro-climbing robots. In this study, a specialized adhesion measurement device was developed to compare the adhesive forces applied on substrates with different roughness levels by intact bees and by those whose adhesive pads have been removed. Moreover, a contact model for adhesion between the claw tips and substrate particles and a liquid bridge model for adhesion between the adhesive pads and substrate surfaces were established to analyze the distinct roles of claws and adhesive pads, respectively, under different surface roug

SUBMITTER: Yu Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12321144 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature