Graphene oxide - polymer nanocomposites for efficient water hardness removal: a step towards healthier drinking water.

ABSTRACT: A new, non-toxic, environmentally friendly nanocomposite, based on graphene oxide and biopolymers was developed as an effective adsorbent for water hardness removal. Graphene oxide was synthesized by a modified Hummers' method, whereas crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and chitosan were used as biopolymers. Montmorillonite (MMT) was utilized as an additive to enhance the adsorbent's performance. The solubility and adsorption behaviours of the prepared materials were investigated in respect to calcium ions (Ca²⁺) and magnesium ions (Mg²⁺). Among the prepared materials, a film containing graphene oxide (GO), crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and montmorillonite (MMT), denoted as GO-CMC-MMT-3, exhibited the highest water softening capacity. The successfu

SUBMITTER: Panapitiya PHP 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12322811 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature