Cardiac structure and function in anabolic-androgenic steroid users: a 16-year follow-up study.

ABSTRACT:

Background and aim

Long-term data on cardiac changes in anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) users are lacking. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of AAS on cardiac structure and function during long-term follow-up.

Methods

In this prospective cohort study, AAS users and strength-trained non-users were included and examined at two time points with echocardiography and coronary CT angiography. AAS use and non-use were verified by blood and urine analyses.

Results

A cohort of 32 AAS users (median age 33 years) and 13 non-users (median age 34 years) were followed for a median of 16 (IQR, 15-17) and 13 (7-15) years, respectively. At baseline, AAS users had been taking AAS for a median of 5-10 years. At follow-up, 15 had discontinued AAS, while 17 remained conti

SUBMITTER: Fyksen TS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12323528 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature