Overview of botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridia in soils in France.

ABSTRACT: Soil is a known reservoir of human pathogens, including botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridia. However, the occurrence and distribution of botulinum neurotoxin types in French soils are unknown, prompting this study. Botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridia were sought, and botulinum neurotoxin types were identified through an analysis of 486 soil samples representative of nationwide soil type and land use, provided by the French Soil Quality Monitoring Network. Botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridia were detected in 45.3% of soil samples, with type B-producing clostridia being the most frequently detected (40.1% of soil samples). Geographical variability was observed, with samples from the North of France being more frequently positive than those from the South. A comparison of th

SUBMITTER: Le Marechal C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12323636 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature