Matrix-M adjuvant triggers inflammasome activation and enables antigen cross-presentation through induction of lysosomal membrane permeabilization.

ABSTRACT: Matrix-M^® adjuvant, containing saponins, delivers a potent adjuvant effect and good safety profile. Given that Matrix-M is composed of Matrix-A and Matrix-C particles, comprising different saponin fractions, understanding their distinct roles can provide deeper insight into the mechanism of action of Matrix-M and guide future applications. Here, we demonstrate that the antigen and Matrix-M, Matrix-A, or Matrix-C colocalize in lysosomes following uptake by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Matrix-M, Matrix-A, and Matrix-C induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), but Matrix-C shows the highest LMP potential. LMP is required for interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 secretion in vitro. In vivo, a robust adjuvant effect of Matrix-M, Matrix-A, and Matrix-C is observed, both in th

SUBMITTER: Zarnegar B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12325594 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature