Ancestral Sequence Reconstruction of the Ethylene-Forming Enzyme.

ABSTRACT: The ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE) catalyzes two main reactions: the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) to ethylene plus CO₂ and the oxidative decarboxylation of 2OG coupled to the C5 hydroxylation of l-arginine (l-Arg). EFE also facilitates two minor reactions: the uncoupled oxidative decarboxylation of 2OG and the generation of 3-hydroxypropionate (3HP) from 2OG. To better understand the evolution of this enzyme's diverse activities, we demonstrated that two distantly related extant enzymes produce trace levels of ethylene and 3HP, and we examined the reactivities of 11 reconstructed ancestors. The structure of one ancestral protein was resolved by X-ray crystallography, while the others were modeled with AlphaFold2. These studies highlight the importance of residues located at

SUBMITTER: Chatterjee S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12329707 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature