Acute haemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy and inflammatory demyelinating encephalopathy associated with COVID-19 in adults in Southern China.

ABSTRACT:

Background

COVID-19 manifests with diverse systemic symptoms, including central nervous system involvement. Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE), acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHLE), and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) exhibit overlapping clinical features, creating diagnostic challenges. This study characterizes COVID-19-associated neuroinflammatory syndromes in patients without apparent respiratory symptoms.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective case series analysis of four patients with confirmed COVID-19 and acute neurological decline. Diagnostic evaluation included brain MRI, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, autoimmune/paraneoplastic antibody panels, and exclusion of alternative etiologies through microbiological/metabolic testing.

Results

Four c

SUBMITTER: Tan S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12330108 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature