PD-1 inhibition for relapse after allogeneic transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome.

ABSTRACT:

Abstract

Relapse of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) remains the primary source of mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT). Targeting programmed death-1 (PD-1) for reversing T-cell exhaustion and restoring the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect may have logistical advantages over donor lymphocyte infusion. In a prospective phase 1B clinical trial, pembrolizumab was administered every 3 weeks to 16 patients with AML (n = 12) and MDS (n = 4) in relapse after HCT to assess graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), clinical response, and survival. The median time to relapse after HCT was 5.5 months and the median pretreatment bone marrow blast percentage was 21.5%. The overall response rate was 31.3% for patients receiving pembrol

SUBMITTER: Magenau JM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12332914 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature