Characterizing PET CT patterns and bacterial dissemination features of tuberculosis relapse in the macaque model.

ABSTRACT: Tuberculosis (TB) relapse after appropriate drug treatment is poorly understood but critical to developing shorter treatment regimens. Using a cynomolgus macaque model of human TB, macaques with active TB disease were treated with a short course of isoniazid and rifampin and subsequently infected with SIV. Serial clinical, microbiologic, immunologic, and position emission and computed tomography (PET CT) assessments were performed to identify risk factors of relapse. Of the 12 animals, eight developed radiologically defined relapse, including four that had clinical and/or microbiologic signs. Greater gross pathology and bacterial burden were observed in relapse animals. PET CT characteristics before, during, and at the end of the treatment were similar among relapse and non-relapse animals

SUBMITTER: Maiello P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12341373 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature