Heart failure: assessment of the global economic burden.

ABSTRACT:

Background and aims

Heart failure (HF) is a major public health issue, imposing substantial costs on healthcare systems and societies. This study aimed to provide a contemporary overview of its global economic impact.

Methods

A systematic search of four databases was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies reporting direct cost (DC) and/or indirect cost (IC) associated with HF were included. DC and IC were expressed as a percentage of current healthcare expenditure (CHE) and gross domestic product (GDP), which were obtained for 2021 from the World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure Database. Countries were categorized by their Human Development Index (HDI), and weighted group means were calc

SUBMITTER: Darvish M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12349942 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature