Insights into eruption dynamics from TROPOMI/PlumeTraj-derived SO₂ emissions during the 2022 eruption of Mauna Loa, Hawai'i.

ABSTRACT: Volcanic fissure eruptions can produce voluminous gas emissions, posing a risk to local and distal populations and potentially impacting global climate. Quantifying the emission rate and altitude of injection of these emissions allows forecasting of impacts and provides key insights into the magma dynamics driving eruptions. Daily global observations from satellite instruments such as TROPOMI combined with trajectory modelling with PlumeTraj deliver these emission rate and altitude data. Here, we report satellite-derived SO₂ emissions from the 2022 eruption of Mauna Loa, which lasted only 13 days but produced an SO₂ plume that circled the globe, displaying a highly variable emission rate and injection altitude. Three key discoveries were made: we detect precursory SO<

SUBMITTER: Esse B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12354495 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature