MRNA expression, tumor heterogeneity, and response to therapy in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma treated with immune-based combinations (ARON-1α).

ABSTRACT:

Background

Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) represents a spectrum of tumors, characterized by heterogeneous growth patterns, histology and response to immune-based combinations.

Objectives

The aim of the present retrospective analysis was to investigate the mRNA expression of 32 genes associated with RCC carcinogenesis and their potential involvement in patients treated with first-line immune-based combination therapies. Additionally, we examined the role of tumor heterogeneity by comparing mRNA expression levels between primary renal tumors and metastatic sites in a group of patients included in the ARON-1 study.

Patients and methods

The study included patients with advanced RCC treated with first-line immune-based therapies. Total RNA was extracted from fixed paraffin-emb

SUBMITTER: Aguzzi C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12354808 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature