The outcome of major psychiatric and substance use disorders as an index of genetic risk and genetic heterogeneity.

ABSTRACT:

Background

We investigate whether, in Swedish national registers, social and psychiatric outcomes for six major psychiatric and substance disorders - drug use disorder (DUD), alcohol use disorder (AUD), major depression (MD), bipolar disorder (BD), anxiety disorder (AD), and schizophrenia (SZ) - reflect the primary genetic risk for each disorder and the level of genetic heterogeneity.

Methods

We utilize Genetic Risk Ratios - defined as the ratio of the genetic risk for secondary disorders to the genetic risk for the primary disorder - derived from Family Genetic Risk Scores. Poor social outcome was defined by a common factor of four variables: receipt of social welfare, sick leave, early retirement pension, and residence in a socially deprived area. Psychiatric outcome was d

SUBMITTER: Kendler KS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12360690 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature